Coccidiosis in poultry

Emeria tenella in poultry

Emeria tenella

Emeria tenella most common species causing bloody enteritis in poultry. Emeria tenella is the best known of poultry coccidia because of the easily recognizable lesions and often spectacular losses it causes in commercial broilers or layer pullets.

See also- Emeria spp The poultry monster

Oocyst of Emeria tenella: Oocysts are ovoid, averaging 22 × 19mm. Experimental inoculation of Emeria tenella 102 or more sporulated oocysts can cause morbidity, mortality, and greatly reduced weight, gain, making this one of the most pathogenic species in chickens. Inoculation of Emeria tenella 103 oocysts is sufficient to cause bloody droppings and other signs of infection.

See also- Life cycle of Emeria spp

Gross Lesions of Emeria tenella infection:

 Even during maturation of the first generation of schizonts, small foci of the denuded epithelium may be seen in Emeria tenella infection.

Lesion Scoring of coccidiosis in poultry

 By day 4 PI, the second-generation schizonts are maturing, and hemorrhages are apparent.

blood in cecum by Emeria tenella infection

The cecal pouch may become greatly enlarged and distended with clotted blood and pieces of cecal mucosa in the lumen in Emeria tenella infection.

Coccidosis in poultry

On days 6 and 7, the cecal core becomes hardened and drier; eventually, it is passed in the feces in Emeria tenella infection. Regeneration of the epithelium is rapid and may be completed by day 10.

blood in cecum by Emeria tenella infection 3

Emeria tenella usually can be seen from the serosal surface of the ceca as dark petechiae and foci, which become coalesced in severe infections. The cecal wall is often greatly thickened because of edema and infiltration and later scar tissue.

Histopathology of Emeria tenella infection:

Microscopically, the first-generation schizonts are widely scattered and mature at 2–3 days PI in Emeria tenella infection. Small focal areas of hemorrhage and necrosis may appear near blood vessels of the inner circular muscles of the muscular layer in Emeria tenella infection.

See also- Site of infection of Emeria spp in poultry Instestine

 Heterophil infiltration of the submucosa proceeds rapidly as the large second-generation schizonts develop in the lamina propria in Emeria tenella infection.

These are found in clusters or colonies that generally are the progeny of a single first-generation schizont. Maturation of the second-generation schizonts is accompanied by excessive tissue damage, bleeding, disruption of the cecal glands, and destruction of the mucosa and muscularis layer in Emeria tenella infection.

See also- Types Of anticoccidial drugs for poultry

Microgametes and macrogametes are seen in the tissues on days 6 and 7, and mature oocysts are released into the lumen in large numbers in Emeria tenella infection. Regeneration of the epithelium and glands may be complete by day 10 in light infections, but the epithelium may never completely recover in severe infections. Lost muscularis mucosa is not replaced, and the submucosa becomes densely fibrosed in Emeria tenella infection.

Treatment

Treatment Of Emeria tenella:If properly diagnosed, Emeria tenella infection treated successfully with single antibiotic.

See also- Top 3 drugs for Emeria tenella infection



Since there are many anticoccidial drugs but they limitation a great limitation of application in the field due to their mode of action. Emeria tenella more exclusive coccidial infection in the field.

See also- General characteristics of Anticoccidial drugs

Toltrazuril acts on developing 1st schizont & 2nd generation schizont as well gametes of Emeria tenella but others anticoccidials acts on deferents stages. Emeria tenella rapid multiplication triggers by developing schizont & gametes stages.

See Also- Maduramycin Anticocciddial drugs

Toltrazuril @7-100mg/kg for 48 hours effective against Emeria tenella infection at the field in acute & permute case in Emeria tenella infection in chicken.

See also- Samduramycin Anticoccidial drugs

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