Fowl Typhoid In Poultry
Fowl Typhoid (FT) is a bacterial disease caused by Salmonella gallinerum. It is mainly found in salmonella serovar. Almost all domesticated birds are affected by the disease.
General characteristics of S.gallinerum
- 1) It is a gram-negative bacteria, non-sporogenic and facultative aerobics
- 2) It looks like a slender rod which .3-1.5 in width and 1-.15 in length
- 3) Basically, It is single presents in infection but occasionally found with salmonella pullorum disease.
- 4) salmonella gallinerum showing motile activity on the growth medium due to the presence of flagella gene c on the flagella.
- 5) However, Sarovar carries a mutation in 5 genes which is cheM, flhA, flhB, flgI, and flies k
Clinical Symptoms
Generalized clinical symptoms are loss of appetite, bluishness of comb and wattles, catarrhal discharge from the nostril, fever, drooling of saliva, and diarrhea. later stages diarrhea became yellowish and greenish.
In the chronic form, the most common symptoms are Oedema of wattles, combs, and sometimes as otitis, arthritis.
Diagnosis
- Mortality in incubator or brooder must arise suspicion of salmonellosis.
- there are some important tests are available for the confirmation of s. gallinerium infection- whole blood agglutination test, or tube agglutination test etc.
Treatment
In an acute outbreak, sulphaquinoxaline should be provided at 0.05-0.1% solution as a preventive measure. sulphadiazine 0.5% through the feed, can be administered for 5 days during an outbreak.
In severe cases, Oxytetracycline long-acting injection can be injected at 40 mg/kg body weight by a subcutaneous route at 24 hours interval for 4 days.
Some literature suggested, sulpha drugs are highly sensitive to S. gallinerium and do not forget to provide without wasting a time. Other drugs such as lincomycin, spectinomycin, trimithoprim+sulphadiazine can kill 90% of S. gallinerium
Follow Us
