Polyether Ionophores In Poultry

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Polyether Ionophores

Polyether Ionophores defined as a natural & biologically active compounds/ substances produced by fermentation of streptomyces or actinomadura. It destroys Emeria spp by inferring balance of most important ion especially sodium & potassium. There are some drugs included in this class. Its also called coccidiostat in an earlier time. It’s only used via poultry for controlling coccidiosis in poultry.

It was first discovered in the early 1950s, and their anticoccidial activities were recognized in the late 1960s. Because of their broad spectrum of activity and the development of drug resistance to other agents, the ionophores gained widespread usage in the poultry industry soon after their introduction. Most commonly used polyether ionophores generic name given below

Classification

It is classified by two class

a) Monovalent ionophores

Its define as Ionophoes that have valency one called Monovalent ionophores. eg monensin, narasin and salinomycin & Monovalent glycosidic ionophores (maduramicin and semduramycin)

Monensin

Salinomycin

Narasin

Maduramycin

Samduaramycin

b) Divalent ionophores 

Its define Polyether as Ionophoes that have valency two called Divalent ionophores

for example Lasalosid

FDA approval

Polyether Ionophores

Monensin

Lasalosid

Salinomycin

Narasin

Maduramycin

Samduaramycin

FDA approval

1971

1976

1983

1988

1989

1995

Approved Dosages

Polyether Ionophores

Monensin

Lasalosid

Salinomycin

Narasin

Maduramycin

Samduaramycin

Approved Dosages

0.01–0.0121 %

0.0075–0.0125%

0.004–0.0066%

54–72g/T

5–6 ppm

25ppm

In here % means drugs 100 gm feed, PPM means Parts per million

Withdrawal  period

Polyether Ionophores

Monensin

Lasalosid

Salinomycin

Narasin

Maduramycin

Samduaramycin

Withdrawal  period (Days)

00

03

00

00

05

00

Adverse Effect

Polyether sodium (Na+)  ionophores Increased intracellular Na+ concentrations will damage mitochondria and Golgi body into the host.

Intracellular Na+ further exchanges for extracellular  Ca2+ (calcium ion), thereby increasing intracellular Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+].

this higher calcium ion in cardiac & skeletal muscle responsible for inducing the main toxicity of these drugs. It also increases catecholamine secretion of chromaffin cells caused jeopardize cardiac arrhythmia. It increases various hormone secretions in endocrine cells.

Related Post

Coccidiosis | Types Of Anticoccidial Drugs

Coccidiosis | Characteristics of Anticoccidial Drugs

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