Salinomycin
Salinomycin is a monovalent polyether ionophore anticoccidial drugs & antibacterial properties that is a fermentation product of Streptomyces albus & carries sodiam ion (Na+). Salinomycin does not adversely affect egg production or egg quality.
Spectrum
Its act against coccidiosis associated Emeria spp & several gram positive bacteria eg methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Its acts as a anticanceral agent now a days. But not active against Fungi & mold.
Mode of action
salinomycin Na+ facilitate the transport of Na+ and H+ into cells, elevating intracellular Na+ and H+ concentrations. As a result, certain mitochondrial functions (e.g.substrate oxidations) and ATP hydrolysis are inhibited. Excess intracellular Sodium ion (Na+) concentrations accompanied by water can damage organelles as well of coccidia.
Endogenous stages affect of Emeria species
Salinomycin Na+ ionophores attack the first generation of trophozoites and schizonts. Its active against sporozoites and early and late asexual stages of chicken.
Pharmacokinetics
Salinomycin Na+ ionophores are metabolized in the liver by cytochrome P450 enzymes, and are excreted mostly into bile and feces as parent compound and metabolites in poultry.
Following oral administration, residues are present only at very low concentrations in liver and muscle that fall below the limit of decision of the assay within 2 days in poultry.
Dosages
For prophylaxis treatment of coccidiosis 4-66g (0.004–0.0066%)/ton used in medicated poultry feed. But It is not for use with pellet binders such as bentonite clays causing severe toxicity in poultry.
Tiamulin Incompatibility
Tiamulin may interfere with the metabolism of salinomycin in chickens and cause weight suppression but not produce cardiovascular & skeletal muscle weakness in poultry. Tiamulin may interfere with the metabolism of salinomycin in chickens and cause weight suppression.
Toxicity
Salinomycin is highly toxic to turkeys at levels greater than 15g/ton and causes excessive mortality at the level recommended for use in chickens (60 g/ton).
Withdrawl Period
For meat & eggs o days.
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Polyether Ionophores In Poultry
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